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I am using a source on the Web that has no page numbers. How do I cite it in my research paper?

In the text of a paper, works on the Web are cited just like printed works. For any type of source, you must include information in your text that directs readers to the correct entry in the works-cited list (see the MLA Handbook, 6th ed., sec. 6.2). Web documents generally do not have fixed page numbers or any kind of section numbering. If your source lacks numbering, you cannot cite numbers when you borrow from it.

If your source includes fixed page numbers or section numbering (such as numbering of paragraphs), cite the relevant numbers. For numbers other than page numbers, give the appropriate abbreviation before the numbers: "(Moulthrop, pars. 19–20)." (Pars. is the abbreviation for paragraphs. Common abbreviations are listed in the MLA Handbook, sec. 7.4.) Do not count paragraphs yourself if your source lacks numbering.

For a document on the Web, the page numbers of a printout should normally not be cited, because the pagination may vary in different printouts. An exception is PDF files, which appear with the same pagination on all systems.

For more information, see How do I document sources from the Web in the works-cited list for my research paper?

 

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© 2008 Modern Language Association. Last updated 04/29/2008.